In general, a topological data model manages spatial relationships by representing spatial objects (point, line, and area features) as an underlying graph of topological primitives-nodes, faces, and edges. Topology has long been a key GIS requirement for data management and integrity. The features participating in a topology are still simple feature classes-rather than modifying the definition of the feature class, a topology serves as a description of how the features can be spatially related. A topology is stored in a geodatabase as one or more relationships that define how the features in one or more feature classes share geometry. ArcGIS implements topology through a set of rules that define how features may share a geographic space and a set of editing tools that work with features that share geometry in an integrated fashion. Topology is a collection of rules that, coupled with a set of editing tools and techniques, enables the geodatabase to more accurately model geometric relationships. The evolution of geodatabase topology from coverages. Two views: Features and topological elements.Ways that features share geometry in a topology.
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